阿波罗13发射于1970年4月11日,4月17日成功返回地球。今年,2020年,正好是50周年。电影 “Apollo 13” 公映于1995年,也有25年了。这部电影真实记录了当年的危机应对过程,我很喜欢这部电影, 故事棒,演员棒,大牌明星配合默契又个个出彩。而且更有无数名句。 其中有一句就是 :”Failure is not an option. “ 失败不是一个可选项。
回顾一下著名的克兰兹宣言(Kranz Dictum)。1967年1月27日周五下午,阿波罗1号训练时发生严重事故, 三名宇航员Virgil “Gus” Grissom, Ed White, and Roger Chaffee不幸殉职。在周一的团队会上,作为地面控制中心的总指挥之一, Gene Kranz说了下面一番话,被称之为克兰兹宣言。正是从惨痛的失败中吸取了教训,建立了那样一种强烈的团队信念与职业操守,地面控制中心才能在之后的阿波罗13以及很多航空险境中, 迎接挑战,尽职尽责,化险为夷。
从今天起,地面控制中心的字典里只有两个词:“坚韧”和“胜任”(Tough and Competent)。“坚韧”意味着我们要对我们的所作所为或失败的行为终生负责。我们再也不能损害我们的职守。每次走进控制中心时,我们会知道我们的立场。“胜任”意味着我们不再把任何事情视为理所当然。我们的知识和技能绝不能出现短板。控制中心将做到完美。今天散会后,你回到办公室,第一件事就是在黑板上写下“坚韧, 胜任”。这两个词要永远留在那里。每天你走进办公室,这两个词会让你牢记Grissom,White和Chaffee所付出的生命代价。这两个词也代表着加入控制中心团队要付出的代价。
Kranz Dictum - Gene Kranz
Spaceflight will never tolerate carelessness, incapacity, and neglect. Somewhere, somehow, we screwed up. It could have been in design, build, or test. Whatever it was, we should have caught it. We were too gung ho about the schedule and we locked out all of the problems we saw each day in our work. Every element of the program was in trouble and so were we. The simulators were not working, Mission Control was behind in virtually every area, and the flight and test procedures changed daily. Nothing we did had any shelf life. Not one of us stood up and said, ‘Dammit, stop!’ I don’t know what Thompson’s committee will find as the cause, but I know what I find. We are the cause! We were not ready! We did not do our job. We were rolling the dice, hoping that things would come together by launch day, when in our hearts we knew it would take a miracle. We were pushing the schedule and betting that the Cape would slip before we did.
From this day forward, Flight Control will be known by two words: ‘Tough’ and ‘Competent.’ Tough means we are forever accountable for what we do or what we fail to do. We will never again compromise our responsibilities. Every time we walk into Mission Control we will know what we stand for. Competent means we will never take anything for granted. We will never be found short in our knowledge and in our skills. Mission Control will be perfect. When you leave this meeting today you will go to your office and the first thing you will do there is to write ‘Tough and Competent’ on your blackboards. It will never be erased. Each day when you enter the room these words will remind you of the price paid by Grissom, White, and Chaffee. These words are the price of admission to the ranks of Mission Control.